how do i obtain these items after chaos?

I'll answer the first three because I can do so off the top of my head.

1. As far as I know, getting ores of any kind is solely through mining. This includes crystals.
2. I would think that a specific type of rock drops them, whether each one appears in a map I'm not sure.
3. Crystals are from mining as well, if I recall from Spadow's Blog correctly.

1-well, that just stinks, guess i'll go hunt more lidiums in the FM then, if i am gonna need 8 for a single polearm, ugh.
no problem, if anyone could elaborate i would love it, seeing videos i have seen the "more impressive looking rocks" being in places like ToT and the bottom of ludi and such, so i was wondering if they had a better drop rate of rare ores or something.
brb, more luk/lidium ore hunting.

The superior crystals are from disassembling level 100-120 equipment for the 90-120 crystal and hoping that it gives you the grade above it (superior crystal).

This as you might imagine is somewhat time consuming.

thanks, i wanted to know this very much, guess i'll be hoarding on level 100 equips from drops on my mules then, might as well spend my maker crystals making cheap level 100 equips too. since they aren't the same after chaos.

No, the sign of ares are materials to make it.
The recipe is found from monsters (dunno which) not exchanging sign of ares.

you sure? i have seen all over this place that the level 130 recipes were gotten from PVP, which is why i am wondering how, if they are indeed monster drops... there i go, soul lights all over again >.<