Python

Sup, I'm beginning to learn python, only know the very very very very basics so far, and I'm creating this thread so I (and other people if they need) can ask for help on things they can't do.

I'm kind of stuck on this simple and probably 'python 101' problem, it's to make a binary number a regular one.

What I wrote (ignoring my spanish variable use) is

Code:

suma=0
n=str(raw_input('ingresa codigo binario: '))
x=len(n)-1
for i in range (-1,-(len(n))):
    q=(n[i])
    suma=suma+(int(q))*(2**x)
    print suma
    x=x-1
print suma

According to me this asks for the binary code, and then should transform it, but something I can't find is wrong with it and I always get 0 as result, I've tried changing some things but I can't get it right.
My first exam is on saturday so I'll probably ask more stuff about basic coding like this.

Sería mejor hacerlo así:

Code:

numero = raw_input("Ingresa codigo binario: ")
numero = numero[::-1] #Ponlo en reverse
resulta = 0
for i, cadaDigito in enumerate(numero):
    if cadaDigito == '1':
        resulta += 1 << i
print(resulta)

I have to look at your code to see what's wrong. There's something weird with the range() call.

Ah, I know what the problem is.

If your input were "1000", your range would result to "range(-1, -5)"

The range() function uses range(start, stop, step)

Because the start is greater than the stop, the loop never happens. You need to include a step number. "range(-1, -5, -1)". This way your loop will go backwards until it reaches -5. Otherwise your start is greater than your stop, so the loop never runs.

I found out where my mistake was, I misread the way on how to transform from binary to decimal, I rememberd how to but guided myself from the example and screwed it up making it backwards.
The code that gets it right is:

Code:

final=0
n=raw_input('ingresa codigo binario: ')
L=len(n)
x=len(n)-1
for i in range (-L,0):
    p=n[i]
    final=final+(int(p))*(2**x)
    x=x-1
print 'total=',final

... Thanks for the help, I'll probably ask more things later/this week.. or even after that

Edit: Also, looking and running your code, you use functions I haven't really learned yet xD I hadn't seen enumerate yet, or the way you reversed the number, we do it more... stupidly because we're noobies at my class xD, also we've never used more than one variable in a 'for x in range', when we need more than one we do:

Code:

for x in range (y,z):
    for j in range(p,q):
        something something

but as I said, still learning.... slowly... xD

It's syntactic sugar.

Code:

for i, eachVariable in enumerate(variable):
    pass

^^^^ is the same as ^^^^

Code:

i = 0
for eachVariable in Variable:
    #Do stuff
    i += 1

let me see if I got it right
example:
for i, eachvariable in enumerate(124612)
print i+2,
will result in:
3,4,6,8,3,4?

and also,

x+= something is the same as x= x+something?

You can't enumerate over a number. You can enumerate over strings, arrays, and dictionaries as they are iterable.

Code:

Variable = "124612"
for i, eachVariable in enumerate(Variable):
    print(i + 2)

Code:

2
3
4
5
6
7

"x +=" is the same as "x = x +"

You can't enumerate over a number. You can enumerate over strings, arrays, and dictionaries as they are iterable.

Code:

Variable = "124612"
for i, eachVariable in enumerate(Variable):
    print(i + 2)

Code:

2
3
4
5
6
7

"x +=" is the same as "x = x +"

oh, ok.
Thanks for the help

Ok I have a harder one now, I have to get the sine function, based on this equation:

the input variables are x and p, p being precision, where the difference between the abs of 2 consecutive values has to be lower than p for the thing to be precise.

Once again, ignore my annotations as they are in spanish, and there's a lot of them:#neutros y contadores

 Spoiler

Code:

r=1
s=0
n=float('inf')
suma=0
#angulo y precision
x=float(raw_input('angulo: '))
p=float(raw_input('precision: '))

#inicia ciclo infinito
while True:
    f=1 #para definir factorial
    if s>1: #no puede definir antes
        n=abs(frac)-abs(t)
        #diferencia para medir precision
    if s>=1:
        t=frac
            #valor de fraccion en dia anterior
    for i in range (1,r+1):
        f=f*i
        #marca factorial de esta iteracion
    while n>p:
        frac=((-1)**s)*((x**r)/f)
        #calcula el termino de la ecuacion
        suma=frac+suma
        s=s+1
        r=r+2
    if n<=p:
        #se cumple precision
        break
print suma
#neutros y contadores
r=1
s=0
n=float('inf')
suma=0
#angulo y precision
x=float(raw_input('angulo: '))
p=float(raw_input('precision: '))

#inicia ciclo infinito
while True:
    f=1 #para definir factorial
    if s>1: #no puede definir antes
        n=abs(frac)-abs(t)
        #diferencia para medir precision
    if s>=1:
        t=frac
            #valor de fraccion en dia anterior
    for i in range (1,r+1):
        f=f*i
        #marca factorial de esta iteracion
    while n>p:
        frac=((-1)**s)*((x**r)/f)
        #calcula el termino de la ecuacion
        suma=frac+suma
        s=s+1
        r=r+2
    if n<=p:
        #se cumple precision
        break
print suma

the example given to us is:
x: 0.5236
p: 0.01
output:0.500003192986

When I try it out, it looks like there's a problem with my 'frac' that goes to 0 and reaches an endless loop.
Any ideas on how to make it work?

The problem with your loop is that in "while n>p" you reassign neither N nor P, so you never break out of the loop.

Code:

#Calculate sen(x)

inputValue = 0.5236
precision = 0.01

loopCounter = 1
finalValue = 0
mathSymbol = 'add'
while True:
    #Create numerator
    numerator = (inputValue**loopCounter)

    #Create denominator
    denominator = 1    
    for i in range(1, loopCounter+1):
        denominator *= i

    #Perform division
    fractionResult = float(numerator) / float(denominator)
    loopCounter += 2

    #Save the previous value to affirm precision
    prevValue = finalValue

    #Perform addition or subtraction
    if mathSymbol == 'subtract':
        finalValue -= fractionResult
        mathSymbol = 'add'
    elif mathSymbol == 'add':
        finalValue += fractionResult
        mathSymbol = 'subtract'

    #Affirm precision
    if loopCounter > 3:
        if precision > abs(prevValue) - abs(finalValue):
            print("OUTPUT: %0.12f" % finalValue)
            break

Or, if you can use imports

Code:

[b]import math[/b]

#Calculate sen(x)

inputValue = 0.5236
precision = 0.01

loopCounter = 1
finalValue = 0
mathSymbol = 'add'
while True:
    #Create numerator
    numerator = (inputValue**loopCounter)

    [b]#Create denominator
    denominator = math.factorial(loopCounter)  [/b]

    #Perform division
    fractionResult = float(numerator) / float(denominator)
    loopCounter += 2

    #Save the previous value to affirm precision
    prevValue = finalValue

    #Perform addition or subtraction
    if mathSymbol == 'subtract':
        finalValue -= fractionResult
        mathSymbol = 'add'
    elif mathSymbol == 'add':
        finalValue += fractionResult
        mathSymbol = 'subtract'

    #Affirm precision
    if loopCounter > 3:
        if precision > abs(prevValue) - abs(finalValue):
            print("OUTPUT: %0.12f" % finalValue)
            break

Thanks, that was very helpful
unfortunately we can't import things since we haven't really 'learned' how to use it, on the test we can only use things that we've been taught.

I have another problem now, it's about lotka-volterra's equations.
if x is rabbits and y are wolves and the eco system variables are
a=3e-2
b=4e-5
c=5e-2
d=6e-6
I have to follow the equation for how it decreases everyday until rabbits are extinct:
x decrease = x(a-by)
y decrease = -y(c-dx)

if there's 300 rabbits and 400 wolves then how many days does it take for it to be rabbits<1
I have:

Code:

a=3e-2
b=4e-5
c=5e-2
d=6e-6
con=300.0
lob=400.0
t=0
while con > 1:
    p=con*(a-(b*lob))
    q=-lob*(c-(d*con))
    con=con-p
    lob=lob-q
    t=t+1
    print 'con=',con
    print 't=',t
print 'Los conejos se extinguiran en '+str(t)+' dias'

and the correct code is:

Code:

a = 3e-2
b = 4e-5
c = 5e-2
d = 6e-6

x = 300.0
y = 400.0

dias = 0

while y>1 :
    xi = x
    x = x + x*(a - b*y)
    y = y - y*(c - d*xi)
    dias += 1

print 'Los conejos se extinguen en', dias

I just can't see what's wrong with mine.

Edit: I found out what was wrong, apparently the condition for some reason is that wolves<1 which in my head makes no sense since it's rabbits that I'm waiting to be extinct.... my code is fine except that I thought the condition instead of just copying what was there

Misplaced negative sign

Code:

while con > 1:
    p=con*(a-(b*lob))
    q=-lob*(c-(d*con))
    con=con-p
    lob=lob-q #Aqui no se debe restar - agregalos pq ya habias incluido el "-" antes con "q=". Un doble negativo = positivo
    t=t+1
    print 'con=',con
    print 't=',t